Measurements of chemical abundances in stars enable us to probe the physics underpinning stellar nucleosynthesis and Galactic evolution. Ancient stars in the Galactic halo and globular clusters offer an observational window into the earliest epochs. In this talk, I will discuss (i) the largest homogeneous chemical abundance analysis of metal-poor halo stars, (ii) the most Fe-poor star and (iii) and the highest precision analysis of globular clusters ever undertaken.