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						<h1 itemprop="headline">Talk - Gabriele Ferrari: Spontaneous creation, dynamics and interaction of vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates</h1>
						
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									<p>Title:<br> Spontaneous creation, dynamics and interaction of vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates<br> <br> Speaker:<br> Gabriele Ferrari<br> INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Italy</p>
<p>Abstract:<br> When a system crosses a second-order phase transition on a finite timescale spontaneous symmetry breaking can cause the development of domains with independent order parameters, which then grow and approach each other creating boundary defects. This is known as Kibble-Zurek mechanism [1,2]. Originally introduced in cosmology, it applies both to classical and quantum phase transitions, in a wide variety of physical systems. We will discuss the conditions for the spontaneous creation of defects in Bose-Einstein condensates via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism and we will show that its typical signatures, such as the power-law scaling of the defects density on the quench time, can be recovered [3]. These defects are identified as quantum vortices orthogonally oriented to the symmetry axis of the confining trap, as expected for solitonic vortices in a highly anisotropic condensate [4].<br> The real-time dynamics of vortices can be followed in the condensate using a weakly destructive stroboscopic technique, hence allowing for an accurate comparison between experimental data and theoretical models of dynamics of vortices in superfluids [5]. In configurations with two vortex lines simultaneously present in the condensate signatures of interaction are observed in the form reconnections, rebounds and annihilation [6]. This opens a new perspective to studies in the domain of quantum turbulence.<br> <br> <br> [1] T. Kibble, Physics Reports 67, 183 (1980).<br> [2] W. H. Zurek, Nature 317, 505 (1985).<br> [3] G. Lamporesi et al., Nature Phys. 9, 565 (2013).<br> [4] S. Donadello et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 065302 (2014).<br> [5] S. Serafini et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 170402 (2015).<br> [6] S. Serafini et al., Phys. Rev. X 7, 021031 (2017).</p>
								
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